Historic Earthquakes
Near New York City, New York
1884 08 10 19:07 UTC
Magnitude 5.5The History Of New York Earthquakes: Before The Sixth Seal (Rev 6:12)
Intensity VII
USGS.gov
This severe earthquake affected an area roughly extending along the Atlantic Coast from southern Maine to central Virginia and westward to Cleveland, Ohio. Chimneys were knocked down and walls were cracked in several States, including Connecticut, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. Many towns from Hartford, Connecticut, to West Chester,Pennsylvania.
Property damage was severe at Amityville and Jamaica, New York, where several chimneys were “overturned” and large cracks formed in walls. Two chimneys were thrown down and bricks were shaken from other chimneys at Stratford (Fairfield County), Conn.; water in the Housatonic River was agitated violently. At Bloomfield, N.J., and Chester, Pa., several chimneys were downed and crockery was broken. Chimneys also were damaged at Mount Vernon, N.Y., and Allentown, Easton, and Philadelphia, Pa. Three shocks occurred, the second of which was most violent. This earthquake also was reported felt in Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, D.C. Several slight aftershocks were reported on August 11.
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Day: December 22, 2022
China’s Nuclear Horn Is A Clear Threat To The U.S. Daniel 7
China’s Ballistic Missile Arsenal Is A Clear Threat To The U.S. Military
Image from the now closed WantChinaTimes.
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Last week, I covered the PLA’s intercontinental ballistic missiles. Now, let’s step down in size and examine China’s intermediate- and and medium-range ballistic missiles (IRBMs and MRBMs).
Definitions/Clarification
To the layman, “intermediate-range” and “medium-range” might seem like interchangeable terms, but that’s not quite the case. An IRBM is generally intended as a strategic weapon, with a range of 3,000 to 5,500 kilometers, while an MRBM is typically slated to be a theater ballistic missile, with a range of 1,000 to 3,000 km.
DONG FENG-3 (DF-3/DF-3A) (CSS-2) IRBM
As noted by David Webb in an info page for Riki Ellison’s Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance, “Designed to be China’s first modern missile, the DF-3 carries a range of up to 3,000 km and was deemed operational in 1971. The silo-based, single-stage, IRBM uses a liquid propellant and an inertial guidance system. The DF-3, and its improved variant the DF-3A, have largely been replaced by the DF-21 and only a minimal number of DF-3 missiles are suspected to exist today. Many outmoded DF-3 missiles have been outsourced to Saudi Arabia as well.”
Saudi Arabia’s purchase of the DF-3 in 2007 was motivated by concerns about Iran, which is curious in hindsight, given recent military cooperation between Iran and the PRC.
The DF-3 and DF-3A are silo-based, single-stage, liquid-propelled missiles with a range of 3,000 km, capable of holding either a conventional or a nuclear warhead with a weight of 2,000 kilograms and a yield of 700 kilotons. The missile does not have multiple independently-targeted reentry vehicle (MIRV) capability.
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(NOTE: “Dong Feng/東風” translates to “East Wind.”)
DONG FENG-26 (DF-26) IRBM
The PLA officially unveiled this weapon in 2015 during its Victory Day parade and pressed it into service the following year. As MDAA notes, “The DF-26 is the first conventionally armed IRBM capable of reaching the U.S. territory of Guam, which houses Anderson AFB.
Indeed, U.S. analysts have dubbed the missile the ‘Guam-Killer.’ This capability could prove critical in a regional conflict because China could effectively strike the U.S. base with conventional warheads, without escalating to the use of nuclear weapons. The ASBM capabilities of the DF-26 would also put U.S. aircraft carriers in the region at risk.”
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The DF-26 is a multistage, solid propellant missile that can travel 3,000 to 4,000 km. It can carry a conventional or nuclear warhead weighing 1,800 kg, with a yield of 5 to 10 kilotons. It does not have MIRV capability. It can be launched from both road-mobile and surface-to-surface platforms.
DONG FENG-21 (DF-21) (CSS-5) MRBM
The DF-21 debuted in 1991. Even though this is an MRBM as opposed to an IRBM, it is considered to be the replacement for the DF-3/DF-3A. It is a two-stage, single-warhead, solid-propelled missile that is deployed on a semi-trailer transporter erector launcher with a maximum range of 1,800 km.
It carries a 600 kg conventional or nuclear conventional warhead with a yield of 300 kilotons. It is not MIRV-capable.
According to David Webb, “Conventionally-armed DF-21s will allow the PLA to engage in theater-range ballistic missile opening or escalating strikes meant to counteract an adversary’s invading forces and infrastructures. This would also allow China to perform long-range preemptive, opportunistic, or suppressive, strikes that can interfere with adversaries attempting to assemble for an operation.
“The nuclear strike capabilities of the DF-21A and DF-21B act as an additional deterrent to other regional adversaries such as Japan, Korea, Russia, the Philippines, and Vietnam.”
DONG FENG-21D DF-21D (CSS-5)
Although a variant of the DF-21, the DF-21D merits its own entry on the MDAA webpage, by virtue of the fact that it is the world’s first anti-ship ballistic missile – it is intended to attack ships at sea.
What’s especially disturbing about this weapons system is that it is the fastest MRBM to date – it reaches speeds up to Mach-10 during the terminal phase – and can surpass existing U.S. missile defense systems such as the sea-based AEGIS ballistic missile defense system, which in turn means that U.S. aircraft carrier strike groups operating within the DF-21D’s 2000-km range envelope would be highly vulnerable to the missile’s predations.
The DF-21D entered into service in 2012. In common with the earlier variants, it totes a 600 kg conventional or nuclear conventional warhead with a payload is 200 to 300 kilotons. It is not MIRV-capable.
LOOKING AHEAD
The next installment in our series on Chinese ballistic missiles will take a look at the PLA’s close-range ballistic missiles and short-range ballistic missiles. Stay tuned, dear readers.
Christian D. Orr is a former Air Force Security Forces officer, Federal law enforcement officer, and private military contractor (with assignments worked in Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Kosovo, Japan, Germany, and the Pentagon). Chris holds a B.A. in International Relations from the University of Southern California (USC) and an M.A. in Intelligence Studies (concentration in Terrorism Studies) from American Military University (AMU). He has also been published in The Daily Torch and The Journal of Intelligence and Cyber Security. Last but not least, he is a Companion of the Order of the Naval Order of the United States (NOUS). In his spare time, he enjoys shooting, dining out, cigars, Irish and British pubs, travel, USC Trojans college football, and Washington DC professional sports.
The Obama-Iran Deal is Dead: Daniel 8
Iran nuclear deal is ‘dead’, claims US President Joe Biden
By Euronews with AFP • Updated: 20/12/2022 – 21:29
Biden walks to the Oval Office upon arrival on the South Lawn of the White House in Washington, DC on December 16, 2022. – Copyright MANDEL NGAN/AFP
The Iran nuclear deal “is dead”, US President Joe Biden has said in footage widely circulated on social media.
The White House did not dispute the authenticity of the video, which casts considerable doubt on the future of Iran’s nuclear agreement, known as the JCPOA.
Struck in 2015 between Iran, China, France, Germany, Russia, the UK, US and EU, the landmark deal lifted crippling sanctions on the Iranian economy in exchange for limitations on Tehran’s nuclear programme.
The video, which is circulating without a date or precise location, shows Biden speaking to people behind a metal barrier, one of whom has a headband in the colours of Iran on their forehead.
AFP report the footage corresponds to a campaign rally by Biden held in early November in California.
“President Biden, are you going to announce that the JCPOA is dead? Can you announce it?” a woman asks the US President, as he shakes her hand.
“He replies: It’s dead but we will not announce it. It’s a long story.”
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“We don’t want an agreement with the mullahs…They don’t represent us”, adds the woman.
“I know they don’t represent you. But they’re going to have a nuke,” says Biden, who is known for straying from official language, especially in informal chats.
“The president’s comments are entirely consistent with what we’re saying about the JCPOA, which is not our priority right now,” said White House National Security Council spokesman John Kirby when asked about the video by reporters on Tuesday.
“To my knowledge, no one is questioning the authenticity [of the video],” he added. “I don’t think we are going to investigate it.”
The JCPOA granted Iran relief from damaging international sanctions in exchange for guarantees that Tehran would not build atomic weapons, a goal the Islamic Republic has always denied.
In 2018, the US unilaterally withdrew from the international agreement, despite Iran’s broad compliance with its terms. This led to the reinstatement of sanctions, with Tehran gradually reigning on its obligations.
Biden has pledged to try and resurrect the deal, but negotiations that started in April 2021 in Vienna have ground to a standstill.
Talks have been dogged by Tehran’s violent suppression of protests beginning in September, alongside supplying drones to Russia.
The Present Nuclear Horns: Daniel
The 9 Countries With Nuclear Weapons, Ranked
Angelo Young, Douglas A. McIntyre
December 20, 2022 12:24 pm
Last Updated: December 20, 2022 12:42 pm
Though the Cold War ended in 1989, several countries continue to develop nuclear arms capabilities. Russia is completing a decades-long effort to modernize its nuclear weapons systems, while the United States deployed 8-kiloton nuclear submarine-launched ballistic missiles as recently as 2019, according to the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists. China, India and Pakistan are expanding their nuclear weapons capabilities, and Iran may be secretly developing its own nuclear weapons program.
To determine the country with the most nuclear weapons, 24/7 Wall St. reviewed warhead inventories for each country using estimates from the Federation of American Scientists, an organization that works to reduce the spread of nuclear weapons and increase government transparency. All other data came from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
Nuclear weapons vary in potency, ranging from small tactical nuclear devices to intercontinental ballistic missiles that can yield up to 800 kilotons, or about 44 times the power of the nuclear bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The smallest nuclear weapon system ever built was the American M28 and M29 (aka the Davy Crocket), with a yield of about 0.02 kilotons, equivalent to 20 tons of TNT.
The United States and Russia continue to maintain the most nuclear weapons, far more than the other seven nuclear powers combined. Fortunately, the number of nuclear weapons has declined significantly from its peak years prior to the end of the Cold War, thanks in part to the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty and the New START, which extended the treaty between the United States and Russia to 2026. However, plenty of nuclear firepower remains.
The Russian Federation has 5,977 nuclear warheads, of which 1,588 are deployed, 2,889 are stored, and 1,500 are retired. Russia tested its first nuclear warhead in 1949, four years after the U.S. first dropped the bombs in World War II. The country’s current defense budget is $62 billion, less than 10% of the U.S. defense budget of $778 billion. (See the weapon the u s military spends the most money on.)
FAS researchers used unclassified information to arrive at their estimates. In addition, researchers used a variety of sources, including satellite images, public statements from public officials, newspapers articles, private conversations with government officials, and historical analyses over many years, to ascertain these estimates.
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9. North Korea
> Total nuclear warheads: 20
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: N/A
> Number of stored warheads: N/A
> Year of first test: 2006
> Defense budget (2020): N/A
Ever fearful of foreign intervention, leaders of the Hermit Kingdom have aggressively pursued the development of nuclear weapons systems to serve as a deterrent. North Korea maintains a “no-first-use” policy since its fourth nuclear weapons test in 2016, but the country’s strictly controlled media has made nuclear threats for perceived provocations, like U.S.-South Korean military exercises. FAS estimates that North Korea may have produced enough fissile material to build between 40 and 50 nuclear weapons, though it may not have assembled that many.
Source: Nadav Neuhaus / Getty Images News via Getty Images
8. Israel
> Total nuclear warheads: 90
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: N/A
> Number of stored warheads: 90
> Year of first test: 2008
> Defense budget (2020): $21.7 billion
It is an open secret that Israel has nuclear weapons, but because the country does not acknowledge its possession of such weapons, it is very difficult to conduct research on Israel’s nuclear capabilities. Still, it is believed that Israel has air and land-based nuclear weapons delivery systems as well as a rumored sea-based land-attack cruise missiles. Israel’s primary security concern is that Iran could soon develop its own nuclear weapons.
Source: Daniel Berehulak / Getty Images News via Getty Images
7. India
> Total nuclear warheads: 160
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: N/A
> Number of stored warheads: 160
> Year of first test: 1974
> Defense budget (2020): $72.9 billion
India and Pakistan have stockpiled plenty of nuclear arms to wipe each other out amid cold war-like tensions regarding the territorial dispute of the Kashmir region that both countries claim. India can launch nuclear weapons by air, land, and sea, and it is believed to be expanding its land-based ballistic missile stockpile. India is estimated to have produced enough military plutonium for 150 to 200 nuclear warheads but has likely produced only 150 to 160.
Source: Syed Zargham / Getty Images News via Getty Images
6. Pakistan
> Total nuclear warheads: 165
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: N/A
> Number of stored warheads: 165
> Year of first test: 1998
> Defense budget (2020): $10.4 billion
Tensions between Pakistan and India make this one of the world’s most tense nuclear standoffs. Both countries are expanding their nuclear arsenals and delivery systems. U.S. intelligence may vastly underestimate how many nuclear weapons Pakistan would have developed by 2020. Like its adversary, India, Pakistan can launch nuclear warheads from air, land, and sea. FAS estimates that the country’s stockpile could grow to around 200 by 2025.
Source: Handout / Getty Images News via Getty Images
5. United Kingdom
> Total nuclear warheads: 225
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: 120
> Number of stored warheads: 60
> Year of first test: 1952
> Defense budget (2020): $59.2 billion
The U.K. has the fifth-largest arsenal of nuclear weapons, with more than half available for quick deployment on four Vanguard-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines. The U.K. is the only nuclear weapon country that has only one deterrence system. One Vanguard carrying about 40 warheads is deployed at sea at all times as an ongoing deterrent. In 2021, the U.K. government announced the country would increase its stockpile ceiling to up to 260 warheads.
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4. France
> Total nuclear warheads: 290
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: 280
> Number of stored warheads: 10
> Year of first test: 1960
> Defense budget (2020): $52.7 billion
France has 65 more nuclear warheads than Britain, not counting about 10 warheads that are spares or in maintenance, making it the fourth-largest nuclear power. Unlike the United Kingdom, which maintains only a submarine-based force, France can launch 50 nuclear weapons from its Rafale fighter jets by land or aircraft carrier. The rest of its nuclear warheads are submarine based. France’s nuclear arsenal of nearly 300 warheads has remained stable in recent years, the FAS notes.
Source: China Photos / Getty Images News via Getty Images
3. China
> Total nuclear warheads: 350
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: N/A
> Number of stored warheads: 350
> Year of first test: 1964
> Defense budget (2020): $252.3 billion
China is believed to have the world’s third-largest nuclear arsenal, but its estimated 350 weapons systems is a fraction of the nearly 12,000 nuclear weapons held by the U.S. and Russia. But like Russia, China is modernizing its nuclear weapons systems to keep up with its competitors, including construction of new intercontinental missiles and missile silos. China’s stockpile is expected to increase significantly in the next decade, the FAS estimates.
24/7 Wall St.
A Look at the Recent Military History of Every Former Soviet Republic
Source: Chung Sung-Jun / Getty Images News via Getty Images
2. United States
> Total nuclear warheads: 5,428
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: 1,744
> Number of stored warheads: 1,964
> Year of first test: 1945
> Defense budget (2020): $778.2 billion
The United States is the oldest nuclear weapons country and the only one to have used nuclear bombs against another country. The oldest still active U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile was first deployed in 1961 and currently consist of 46 nuclear-capable B-52 bombers. The U.S. has deployed modern submarine-launched ballistic missiles since 2008. Of the near 1,800 deployed nuclear warheads, 400 are on land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles, roughly 1,000 are on submarine-launched ballistic missiles, 300 are at bomber bases in the U.S., and 100 tactical bombs are at European bases. The U.S. also retired 1,720 warheads.
Source: rusm / Getty Images
1. Russia
> Total nuclear warheads: 5,977
> Number of deployed nuclear warheads: 1,588
> Number of stored warheads: 2,889
> Year of first test: 1949
> Defense budget (2020): $61.7 billion
The Russian Federation is the largest nuclear power, with the largest arsenal of nuclear warheads. Russia is wrapping up a decades-long modernization of its nuclear arsenal, replacing Soviet-era weapons. Last year, Russia deployed additional nuclear cruise missiles that can be fired from its Tupolev Tu-160 (aka Blackjack) strategic bombers. Of Russia’s 4,477 deployed and stored warheads, about 1,588 strategic warheads are deployed on ballistic missiles and at heavy bomber bases. Russia also retired 1,500 warheads, the FAS estimates.
US is not ready for the First Nuclear War: Revelation 8
‘Don’t want India-Pak war…’: U.S. on nuclear threat, attack on PM Modi | Watch
Published on Dec 20, 2022 12:38 PM ISTFollow Us
The U.S. has responded to Pakistan Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari’s personal attack on PM Narendra Modi and nuclear threat to India from Pakistan’s ruling party in the aftermath. The U.S. said it shares multifaceted relationships with India and Pakistan and does not want to see a war of words but a constructive dialogue between the two nations for the betterment of their people. Watch this video for more details.
Russia Shows Off Newest Nukes: Daniel 7
Russia Shows Off Upgraded Nuclear-Ready ‘White Swan’ Bomber Amid Kyiv Blitz
BY DAVID BRENNAN ON 12/19/22 AT 7:56 AM EST
Russia’s state-controlled United Aircraft Corporation announced on Monday the successful debut flight of an upgraded nuclear-capable Tu-160M strategic bomber, as Moscow continues to use long-range aircraft armed with missiles to bombard critical infrastructure in Ukrainian cities.
The flight of the upgraded Tu-160M bomber—one of 50 ordered by Russia’s Defense Ministry in 2015—tested the aircraft’s stability, control, and the performance of its operating systems including engines and radio-electronic equipment, UAC said in a statement carried by Russia’s state-owned Tass news agency.
The original Tu-160—NATO reporting name “Blackjack” and nicknamed “White Swan” by Russian servicemembers due to its distinctive appearance—was adopted by the Russian Air Force in 1987. As of 2016, only 16 remained in service. It was designed to compete with the American Rockwell B-1 Lancer, introduced into service one year before the Tu-160.
In 2015, Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu ordered the resumption of Tu-160 production, with 50 upgraded Tu-160M designs to be delivered along with upgrades to the 16 remaining aircraft. The first test flight of one of the modernized aircraft took place in January 2022.
Upgrades include new targeting systems, upgraded cruise missiles, and an electronic warfare suite. Russia intends to arm the Tu-160M with the hypersonic, nuclear-ready Kh-47M2 Kinzhal missile as part of the upgrade.
Russia’s existing Tu-160 fleet has been used alongside the more numerous Tu-95 bomber aircraft to hit targets during Moscow’s latest invasion of Ukraine, now nearing its 10th month with no end in sight.
The Kremlin’s initial invasion forces were definitively defeated north of Kyiv, and have since been pushed back on fronts in the south and northeast of the country.
Moscow has now pivoted to cruise missile and drone attacks on critical Ukrainian infrastructure, seeking to collapse the national energy grid and freeze Ukrainians into submission.
Temperatures have already fallen below zero across Ukraine, and leaders in Kyiv have urged foreign partners to do more to alleviate the energy crisis and strengthen Ukraine’s air defense umbrella.
Iran Continues to Enrich Her Nukes: Daniel 8
Iran enriching ‘worrying quantities’ of uranium, in further blow for nuclear deal
UN News | Updated: 20-12-2022 10:21 IST | Created: 20-12-2022 08:56 IST
No progress has been made on the implementation of a high profile 2015 Security Council resolution (2231), aimed at ensuring that Iran’s nuclear facilities be used only for peaceful purposes, in return for the lifting of sanctions, the UN Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, told the Security Council on Monday.
Rosemary DiCarlo said that the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), has reported that Iran intends to install new centrifuges at one of its fuel enrichment plants, and plans to produce more uranium enriched up to 60 per cent, at another.
The agency, she continued, estimates that the country now has a total enriched uranium stockpile of more than eighteen times the allowable amount under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the nuclear deal that was developed in the wake of Resolution 2231, including “worrying quantities of uranium” enriched to up to 60 per cent.
The IAEA’s ability to effectively monitor Iran’s nuclear facilities and ensure that they are being used for exclusively peaceful purposes – a core element of the JCPOA – is now compromised, said Ms. Di Carlo, by Iran’s decision to remove the agency’s surveillance and monitoring equipment.
“Against this backdrop, we once again call on Iran to reverse the steps it has taken since July 2019 that are not consistent with its nuclear-related commitments under the Plan”, declared Ms. Di Carlo, who also called on the United States to lift or waive its sanctions as outlined in the deal, and to extend the waivers regarding the trade in oil with Iran.
‘Divergent views’
Ms. Di Carlo then turned to provisions in the Plan related to ballistic missiles and, in particular, two flight tests of space launch vehicles conducted by Iran in June and November of this year, and a new ballistic missile unveiled by Iran in September.
Information received by the UN about this hardware reflected “divergent views” amongst certain Member States – France, Germany, Iran, Israel, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States – as to whether those launches and other activities are inconsistent with resolution 2231.
Ms. Di Carlo announced that the UN has inspected cruise missile parts, seized by the British Royal Navy in international waters south of Iran, which they assessed to be of Iranian origin, which resembles parts seen in the debris of cruise missiles used by the Houthis against Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates between 2019 and 2022, and those seized by the United States in 2019.
The UN, she continued, has also received letters from Ukraine, France, Germany, the UK and US, concerning alleged transfers of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), from Iran to the Russian Federation, in a manner inconsistent with Resolution 2231.
However, the Permanent Representative of Iran, she said, has denied that his country had supplied UAVs for use in the conflict in Ukraine; whilst Russia has also expressed its serious concerns regarding the requests of these Member States.
In addition, continued Ms. Di Carlo, Ukraine, France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States have alleged that some of the UAVs transferred by Iran to the Russia, were manufactured by an entity on a list of individuals and entities who, under Resolution 2231, fall under targeted sanctions.
The political and peacebuilding chief declared that the UN is examining the available information and will report back to the Council, as appropriate, in due course.
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